Adam Isacson, Was Failure Avoidable? Learning from Colombia’s 1998–2003 Peace Process (Miami: University of Miami North-South Center, 2003)

Max G. Manwaring, Nonstate Actors in Colombia: Threat and Response (2002) and Geoffrey Demarest, Mapping Colombia: The Correlation Between Land Data and Strategy, both Carlisle Barracks, Pa.: U.S. Army War College/ Strategic Studies Institute.

Phillip McLean, Colombia: Thinking Clearly about the Conflict (Washington, D.C.: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2002)

Luz Estella Nagle, The Search for Accountability and Transparency in Plan Colombia: Reforming Judicial Institutions—Again (2001); Richard L. Millett, Colombia’s Conflicts: The Spillover Effects of a Wider War (2002); Myles Frechette, In Search of the Endgame: A Long-term Multilateral Strategy for Colombia (2003); Gabriel Marcella, The United States and Colombia: The Journey from Ambiguity to Strategic Clarity (2003); Joaquı´n Roy, Europe: Neither Plan Colombia Nor Peace Process—From Good Intentions to High Frustration (2003), all University of Miami North-South Center/U.S. Army War College.

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