Recently, there has been a great deal of discussion on how artificial intelligence (AI) is likely to impact national security in the near and long term. These discussions take place with the backdrop of the United States facing a loss of technological and scientific superiority, as other countries, most notably the People’s Republic of China, are increasing their research and development budgets. This article addresses a less obvious dimension of the future of AI, where increasingly intelligent automation is poised to revolutionize scientific research itself. We discuss how artificially intelligent approaches may upend the fundamentals of technological development and the potential implications of this disruption on U.S. national security.

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