Alexander Bollfrass is Head of Strategy, Technology and Arms Control, focusing on preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons, weapons of mass destruction and related delivery systems, as well as risk reduction and arms control. Prior to joining IISS, Alex was a Senior Researcher at the Center for Security Studies (CSS) at ETH Zurich. He was previously a Stanton nuclear security postdoctoral fellow with the Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center and a wargame designer at the Harvard Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies. Alex was a nuclear weapons policy researcher at the Washington-based Arms Control Association and Stimson Center before earning a Ph.D. in security studies from Princeton University’s School of Public and International Affairs. His research centres on the role of intelligence services in nuclear politics and the verification of nuclear treaties. Alex has written in the Washington Post, the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, Arms Control Today, Survival, Foreign Affairs, and others on the policy implications of his research.